There are many different options for birth control, which gives different couples many different options depending on their needs and reasons. There are many resources that go into great detail on this matter, planned parenthood being one of the most widely known, but here is a brief run down of many the options that active couples have.
1. Abstinence: This is the decision not to have any sexual relations, period. This arrangement can be for any amount of time, and is the only 100% guaranteed effective way of preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. The drawback is that it precludes sexual contact, period.
2. Male Condoms: If the condoms are always used properly by the male partner, then the chances of a female getting pregnant after one year are approximately 2%. While this is far from fool proof, it is a very viable option and also protects from a wide variety of STDs. Thicker condoms are better than thin. The main drawback is that a lot of partners think condoms take away from the feelings and sensations that make sex enjoyable.
3. Female Condoms: This is a pouch with flexible rings that is inserted like a diaphragm. The ring with the open end stays at the opening, and this works as a way to help prevent STDs and help prevent pregnancy. These are not nearly as effective as male condoms, as almost 1 in 5 females using female condoms will become pregnant after one year of use.
4. Diaphragms, Caps & Shields: These are different types of either latex or silicone barriers that are used to cover the women’s cervix. Each of these methods requires spermicide cream or jelly. These are used solely for preventing pregnancy, and will not stop any transmission of STDs. The Diaphragm is more effective than the female condom, while the caps and shields are much less effective. None of them compare with the condoms designed for males.
5. Cycle Schedule: With a little study a woman can figure out the times of the month where she is far more likely to become pregnant than at any other time. Once this is figured out, some couples will choose to be abstinent during the times of the months where the female is most likely to become pregnant.
These are all viable options, though aside from abstinence the best way to avoid an unwanted pregnancy is for the male partner to wear a condom. As long as it is properly put on, the chances of breakage are low, but as with anything in a relationship, the partners have to agree on which method works best for them.